A hygrometer is based on an element that has properties that change based on the level of water vapor in the air. Some of these sensors are simple providing results accurate enough for general applications, while others are more complex, allowing for more precise measurements. Knowing the humidity level of an environment is important for a variety of processes, from predicting the weather to operating precision electronic equipment.

What is Humidity?

Humidity can be stated in two different terms: absolute humidity and relative humidity. Absolute humidity is stated in units of grams per cubic meter. Absolute humidity is dependent on a variety of factors, including temperature and pressure, so it is not as useful to engineers as relative humidity. Relative humidity is the ratio of the actual vapor pressure at a given temperature to the maximum of saturation vapor pressure at the same temperature. This value is stated as a percent value. When the value is 100%, water droplets condense from the atmosphere.

Types of Hygrometers

There are five general categories of hygrometers:

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